Galileo and Maria Celeste

Galileo Galilei was a brilliant philosopher and astronomer. He was born on February 15, 1564 in Pisa, Italy. He is credited with using the first refracting telescope to make important discoveries is space where no one else was able to travel to at the time. He also came up with the experimental scientific method which was a theory that is still used today in science. Galileo was a great person and created a highly controversial book which was banned for 200 years. This all would not have been possible without the help of his daughter Maria Celeste who helped him greatly.

Maria Celeste was Galileo's daughter and helped his work tremendously. Even though she was held up in a convent for most of her life, she still managed to help Galileo. She did many things for him. She helped him financially and paid his taxers and bills. She helped edit and get his book published before the time of his death. She gave him medicine in order to fend off the black plague. She created many medicinal potions that helped Galileo through his daily activities and helped him stay alive. She also would look after her father. She obviously cared for him a great deal and showed it by helping him with everyday activities and helping him get his ideas in a book and helped spread his ideas to the rest of the Western European world.  

If it were not for Maria Celeste, then Galileo would have probably perished from the black plague or from the church when he was being accused of treason and going against the church. As we can see, Maria Celeste helped greatly with Galileo's life and without her, the rise and spread of astronomy and his philosophical ideas would have been impossible. 

Thomas Aquinas

Thomas Aquinas was a Roman Catholic philosopher and theologian. He believed that he could logically prove the existence of god through science and scientific methods. Thomas Aquinas says that we need God to live and that he was the person who put us on this earth in the first place. He is the un-mover, and Aquinas says. This is weird because if everything needs to be created by something, then what or who is God created from. We are not able to create ourselves so how is God created? I think also that in order for God to exist, we must believe in him. Without us to believe in him or to spread his words or sayings, then I believe that God is completely powerless. I find that a little disturbing to find out that the number one divine being that everyone is supposed to believe in is dependent on little tiny humans who have basically all of this power and have the choice to just throw God away. Because if there are no believers in God, then there will be no followers and then eventually the whole idea of God will be thrown away and will disappear in a philosophical divine abyss. Aquinas or anyone else for that matter have not been able to find out if anyone had created God or how he came to be... So I am telling you, that I will not believe that there is a divine being without the truth, proof and some proof that God was actually created by another being be it scientific or not. I find it very stupid and a waste of time to believe in something such as God when all that is required in blind faith and that there is no definitive proof that God exists or not.... Without proof, nothing is actually real.

Mein Kampf and Fallacies

Today's blog is about Hitler and his use of fallacies in his book Mein Kampf. Hitler was a man who lived in Germany and who was born in Austria. He grew up to be an evil dictator and started a group called the Nazis who were a murderous clan of people who hated Jew, homosexuals, and gypsies. Hitler used these forms of rhetoric to get the votes of the German people. You see, Hitler was actually elected by the people. Hitler was a great orator, but a horrible person. He promised Germany revenge and a great time after they had been beaten and defeated badly in the first World War. People believed him and elected him due to his use of fallacies and manipulative speeches. A fallacy is a common bias or a faulty belief without any supporting evidence that has been proven true. The first evidence of a fallacy in Hitler's Mein Kampf is when Hitler says, "Each animal mates only with its own species". When he says this he is talking about both species being human. This means that he is saying that there are subspecies of humans which is already a fallacy in and of itself! Humans are one species and it does not matter if you are blond haired blue eyes or dark skinned or anything. Humans are the same species and that is a proven fact. The second use of fallacies is, "For some reason, this must eventually succumb in any struggle against the higher species". This is completely ludicrous. Without any evidence Hitler wants us to believe that one "species" of human is stronger than another. Its complete bullshit. It is using this information and trying to publish it as fact and trying to manipulate people to go on with his plot to kill many innocent lives. 

Intelligent Design vs. Evolution

Our debate in class today was against the theory of Intelligent Design and Evolution. Evolution is the theory that everything happens through a natural course of events and that creatures, in this case humans evolved from bacterium to multicellular organisms to amphibians to land mammals to early humans and so on. This process can be scientifically proven, but still some people choose to believe another theory which is much more far-fetched in a way and harder to prove. This theory needs faith in order for it to work. I am talking about the theory of Intelligent Design. Intelligent Design is the theory in which people believe that a supreme ruler put us on this earth and created everything else on this earth. This is pretty hard to believe. What makes it even more far-fetched is the idea that we have no proof that this theory ever took place. It is very easy to find proof with evolution, but this sounds like a bunch of bullshit without any proof. So I don't know about you, but in my opinion, evolution is the way to go and is the correct theory, but choose for yourselves. They are trying to teach religion in schools where they already have scientific PROVEN information that is being banned from these schools. They are trying to limit the competition and only teach religion in these schools. THIS IS NOT RIGHT when you have perfectly valid information just lying there banned from any use.  They are limiting the reality of the evolution of man and are stripping these children of valuable information. 

Modus Pollens and Modus Tollens

This blog is about the differences and comparisons and basic information regarding Modus Ponens and Modus Tollens. 

Modus Ponens is a valid and simple argument form used in many everyday conversations. Modus ponens is a common rule of inference and takes the form, "If P, then Q. P. Therefore, Q". This is similar to the transitive rule in geometry. For example, this argument can be used if one says," If it is sunny out, i will go to the beach. It is sunny out today. Therefore I will go to the beach". The P statement stays constant. The Q statement also always stays constant. If the argument does not follow this exact format, then it is not formatted properly and is incorrect and not valid. 

Modus Ponens relates closely with another simple argument form know as modus tollens. This is also a valid form of argumentation. Related to geometry, this form of arguing follows the same format of the contrapositive. This format can be proven as, " If P, then Q. And if not Q, then not P". For example," G needs good grades to play baseball. G does not have good grades; therefore, he will not be able to play". In this instance also, both variables must stay constant in order for it to be in correct format.